Els van Meijel

36 Chapter 2 | Evaluation of the STEPP the necessity to act very carefully when introducing and supporting the screening procedure. Screening for risk or for symptoms is often seen as an intervention; the challenge is to use the screening procedure in a way that it is supportive for children and parents. Conclusions Screening and monitoring children and parents at risk, preferably integrated in hospital care, can contribute to the prevention of chronic PTSD after accidental injury. A stepped model of psychotrauma care will – in a timely fashion – benefit people who are likely to develop PTSD. Although further improvement and research are needed, a screening tool like the STEPP can be a useful instrument in the first phase of stepped care in the Netherlands. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw), grant number 15700.1014. We thank Nancy Kassam-Adams, associate director for Behavioral Research at the Center for Injury Research and Prevention at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia for her contribution to the concept and design of the study; Eline Nelissen and Raisa Mathurin, research assistants at the Trauma Center of de Bascule, Academic Center of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam, for their help in re-rating the ADIS child and parent interviews; Joost Daams, clinical librarian, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, for his help with the literature search and Charles Frink, (Frink Communications, Nijmegen, the Netherlands) for his contribution as a native English speaker.