166 Chapter 6 have an impact on its effectiveness for different groups of individuals and in different contexts. Such examinations may shed light on how, when, and for whom proactive vitality management may especially yield beneficial effects. Not only are such insights significant for theory building, but knowledge about potential facilitating factors also increases the validity of our research and mitigates the research-practice gap by producing more precise and useful practical recommendations (Busse et al., 2017). Conclusion Being able to work contributes greatly to quality of life, not in the least so for individuals suffering from chronic disease. Work provides them with feelings of normality and identity, financial support, and socialization (Saunders & Nedelec, 2014). At the same time, chronically ill employees are particularly vulnerable because of the challenge their medical condition poses on them (Beatty & Joffe, 2006; De Jong et al., 2015). The current longitudinal study among working individuals with a chronic illness suggests that proactive vitality management may protect and promote their own occupational health and performance over time.
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