Anne Musters

16 CHAPTER 1 References 1 Doran MF, Pond GR, Crowson CS, O’Fallon WM, Gabrie SE. 2002; Trends in incidence and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis in Rochester, Minnesota, over a forty-year period. Arthritis Rheum. 46(3):625–31. 2 Rossini M, Rossi E, Bernardi D, Viapiana O, Gatti D, Idolazzi L, Caimmi C, Derosa M, Adami S. 2014; Prevalence and incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in Italy. Rheumatol Int. 34(5):659–64. 3 Semb AG, Ikdahl E, Wibetoe G, Crowson C, Rollefstad S. 2020; Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 16:361–79. 4 Pappas DA, Nyberg F, Kremer JM, Lampl K, Reed GW, Horne L, Ho M, Onofrei A, Malaviya AN, Rillo OL, Radominski SC, Gal J, Gibofsky A, Popkova TV, Laurindo L, Kerzberg EM, Zahora R, Pons-Estel BA, Curtis JR, et al. 2018; Prevalence of cardiovascular disease and major risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a multinational cross-sectional study. Clin Rheumatol. 37:2331–40. 5 van de Sande MG, de Hair MJ, van der Leij C, Klarenbeek PL, Bos WH, Smith MD, Maas M, de Vries N, van Schaardenburg D, Dijkmans BA, Gerlag DM, Tak PP. 2011; Different stages of rheumatoid arthritis: features of the synovium in the preclinical phase. Ann Rheum Dis. 70(5):772–7. 6 Scherer HU, Haupl T, Burmester GR. 2020; The etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. J Autoimmun. 110:102400. 7 Boeters DM, Mangnus L, Ajeganova S, Lindqvist E, Svensson B, Toes REM, Trouw LA, Huizinga TWJ, Berenbaum F, Morel J, Rantapaa-Dahlqvist S, van der Helm-van Mil AHM. 2017; The prevalence of ACPA is lower in rheumatoid arthritis patients with an older age of onset but the composition of the ACPA response appears identical. Arthritis Res Ther. 19(1):115. 8 van der Helm-van Mil AH, Verpoort KN, Breedveld FC, Toes RE, Huizinga TW. 2005; Antibodies to citrullinated proteins and differences in clinical progression of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 7(5):R949. 9 Wu C-Y, Yang H-Y, Luo S-F, Lai J-H. 2021; From Rheumatoid Factor to Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies and Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies for Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci. 22(2):686. 10 Plenge RM, Padyukov L, Remmers EF, Purcell S, Lee AT, Karlson EW, Wolfe F, Kastner DL, Alfredsson L, Altshuler D, Gregersen PK, Klareskog L, Rioux JD. 2005; Replication of Putative Candidate-Gene Associations with Rheumatoid Arthritis in >4,000 Samples from North America and Sweden: Association of Susceptibility with PTPN22, CTLA4, and PADI4. Am J Hum Genet. 77(6):1044–60. 11 Lundstrom E, Kallberg H, Alfredsson L, Klareskog L, Padyukov L. 2009; Gene-environment interaction between the DRB1 shared epitope and smoking in the risk of anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis: all alleles are important. Arthritis Rheum. 60(6):1597–603. 12 Woude D, Mil A. 2018; Update on the epidemiology, risk factors, and disease outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 32:174–87. 13 Rakieh C, L Nam J, Hunt L, Hensor EMA, Das S, Bissell LA, Villeneuve E, McGonagle D, Hodgson R, Grainger A, Wakefield RJ, Conaghan PG, Emery P. 2015; Predicting the development of clinical arthritis in anti-CCP positive individuals with non-specific musculoskeletal symptoms: A prospective observational cohort study. Ann Rheum Dis. 74:1659–66.

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