Kim Annink

269 General discussion / Conclusions & clinical implications / Future directions REFERENCES 1 . Azzopardi D, Strohm B, Marlow N, Brocklehurst P, Deierl A, Eddama O, et al. Hypothermia childhood outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:140–9. 2 . Lee ACC, Kozuki N, Blencowe H, Vos T, Bahalim A, Darmstadt GL, et al. Intrapartum- related neonatal encephalopathy incidence and impairment at regional and global levels for 2010 with trends from 1990. Pediatr Res. 2013;74:50–72. 3 . Ferriero DM. Neonatal Brain Injury. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(19):1985–95. 4 . van Bel F, Groenendaal F. Drugs for neuroprotection after birth asphyxia: Pharmacologic adjuncts to hypothermia. Semin Perinatol. 2016;40:152–9. 5 . De Vries LS, Groenendaal F. Patterns of neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury. Neuroradiology. 2010;52(6):555–66. 6 . Shankaran S, Laptook AR, Ehrenkranz RA, Tyson JE, McDonald SA, Donovan EF, et al. Whole-body hypothermia for neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(15):1574–84. 7 . Laptook AR, Shankaran S, Tyson JE, Munoz B, Bell EF, Goldberg RN, et al. Effect of therapeutic hypothermia initiated after 6 hours of age on death or disability among newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2017;318(16):1550–60. 8 . Edwards AD, Brocklehurst P, Gunn AJ, Halliday H, Juszczak E, Levene M, et al. Neurological outcomes at 18 months of age after moderate hypothermia for perinatal hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy: Synthesis and meta-analysis of trial data. BMJ. 2010;340(7743):409. 9 . Gluckman PD, Wyatt JS, Azzopardi D, Ballard R, Davids E, Ferreiro DM, et al. Selective head cooling with mild systemic hypothermia after neonatal encephalopathy: Multicentre randomised trial. J Pediatr. 2005;147(1):122–3. 10 . Azzopardi D, Brocklehurst P, Edwards D, Halliday H, Levene M, Thoresen M, et al. The TOBY study. Whole body hypothermia for the treatment of perinatal asphyxial encephalopathy: A randomised controlled trial. BMC Pediatr. 2008;8:1–12. 11 . Ouwehand S, Smidt LCA, Dudink J, Benders MJNL, de Vries LS, Groenendaal F, et al. Predictors of Outcomes in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy following Hypothermia: A Meta-Analysis. Neonatology 2020;1:1–17. 12 . Groenendaal F, de Vries LS. Fifty years of brain imaging in neonatal encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia. Pediatr Res. 2017;81(1):150–5. 13 . De Vis JB, Hendrikse J, Petersen ET, de Vries LS, van Bel F, Alderliesten T, et al. Arterial spin-labelling perfusion MRI and outcome in neonates with hypoxic- ischemic encephalopathy. Eur Radiol. 2015;25:113-121 12