Xuxi Zhang

transparency. 24 We used a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to study process components. This has the benefit of being able to confirm findings with different methods, thus increasing validity. 39 The qualitative data analysis was performed independently by two researchers and compared to increase the reliability of the coding of qualitative information. 38 RESULTS Reach Overall, 2,825 persons were invited to participate in the UHCE approach and 1,215 persons (43.0%) accepted the invitation and completed the baseline health assessment (Table 3). Of these persons, 986 persons (81.2%) completed the follow ‐ up questionnaire at 12 ‐ month follow ‐ up. A comparison of persons included at follow ‐ up (N = 986) with persons who dropped out of the study after baseline (N = 229) did not indicate significant differences in terms of sex (P = 0.164), living situation ( P = 0.519), function ( P = 0.593) and mental health ( P = 0.463), but these persons were older ( P < 0.001) and lower educated ( P = 0.001). Dose delivered and received Of the 986 persons who received the UHCE approach, according to the UHCE template; 80.5% had an indication; 50.9% had a fall risk indication, 50.2% had a polypharmacy indication, 28.4% had a loneliness indication and 54.0% had a frailty indication (Table 3). Indications for care ‐ pathways, as reported in logbooks differed from those proposed in the UHCE template; 85.6% had an indication. Having an indication as reported in logbooks varied between 74.1% in Manchester to 100% in Rijeka. Shared ‐ decision making was done with almost all participants. In total, 520 persons (53.6%) enrolled in any of the care ‐ pathways. Enrolment in any care ‐ pathway varied between 99.5% in Rijeka to 14.6% in Rotterdam. Across all cities; 28.6% enrolled in the falls care ‐ pathway, 23.0% enrolled in the loneliness care ‐ pathway, 13.7% enrolled in the polypharmacy care ‐ pathway and 9.9% enrolled in the frailty/medical care ‐ pathway. Characteristics associated with non ‐ enrolment in care ‐ pathways among older persons involved in the UHCE approach are presented in Table 4. Limited function was positively associated with non ‐ enrolment in the falls and loneliness care ‐ pathways ( P < 0.01). Female gender was positively associated with non ‐ enrolment in the polypharmacy care ‐ pathway, but negatively associated with non ‐ enrollment in the loneliness care ‐ pathway ( P < 0.05). The reasons older persons reported for why they did not enroll in care ‐ pathways are presented in Table 5. Of the 466 persons who were non ‐ enrolled, 326 (70.0%) did have an indication for a care ‐ pathway according to the logbooks. Of those, 173 persons reported a reason for non ‐ enrolment; 91 from Manchester, 45 from Rotterdam, 29 from Pallini and 8 from Valencia. Most persons (28.3%) reported that they wanted to deal with health problem themselves, many also reported already being involved in other care or exercise (22.0%). All 5 111 A coordinated preventive care approach for healthy ageing