Xuxi Zhang

Supplementary Table S1 Characteristics of intervention group and control group Study Intervention group Control group Thom, D. H., 2013 [18] Provider: Peer coaches Coaches were individuals with controlled diabetes, HbAc1<8.5% IG: Patients were paired with a coach based on their preference. Coaches interacted with patients assigned to them either in person, by telephone, or during a clinic visit Target goals for coaching sessions were telephone contact at least twice a month and 2 or more in ‐ person contacts over 6 months . CG: Patients in control group accepted usual care Murrock, C. J., 2009 [27] Provider: Peer support group IG: The dance intervention was taught by an experienced African American woman dance instructor, who led each dance class 2 evenings a week for 12 weeks, for a total of 24 classes . During the first week of the dance classes, each woman chose a personal goal for improving 1 diabetes outcome and shared it with the group. After each class, the women had the opportunity to share their progress of working toward their goals, share tips for eating at upcoming weddings and family reunions, and discuss other concerns related to living with diabetes. CG: The women randomized to the usual care group continued with their normal daily routines, medication schedule, diet, and glucose ‐ monitoring regimen. Lorig, K., 2009 [28] Provider: Peer leaders (N=18) Most had type 2 diabetes and were not health professionals. They received 4 days of training. IG: Patients in IG received DSMP intervention. Program content included all areas of the American Association of Diabetes Education Standards (AADES7) with two exceptions. The program is highly interactive with emphasis on action planning and problem solving. CG: Patients in control group accepted usual care Lujan, J., 2007 [32] Provider: Promotoras  The promotoras were bilingual clinic employees who had received 60 hours of training on diabetes self ‐ management IG: A team of 2 promotoras delivered 8 weekly, 2 ‐ hour, participative group classes and telephone follow ‐ up to the intervention participants. CG: Patients received the usual one ‐ on ‐ one patient education by the clinic staff during scheduled medical follow ‐ up visits, which consisted of verbal information and 1 or 2 pamphlets on diabetes self ‐ management skills. Duggan, C., 2014 [16] Provider: Community health workers (CHWs) CHWs were trained in both diabetes education and in working with the community IG: The intervention consisted of 5 guided educational sessions conducted in participants’ homes. At each session, the CHW presented an educational curriculum involving diabetes education and awareness and methods to increase self ‐ management of diabetes. CG: Patients in control group accepted usual care 150 Chapter 6