Maarten Cozijnsen

149 Chapter 7 General discussion References 1. D’Haens G, Baert F, van Assche G, et al. Early combined immunosuppression or conventional management in patients with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease: an open randomised trial. Lancet 2008;371:660-667. 2. Fan R, Zhong J, Wang ZT, et al. Evaluation of “top-down” treatment of early Crohn’s disease by double balloon enteroscopy. World J Gastroenterol 2014;20:14479-14487. 3. Lee JS, Lee JH, Lee JH, et al. Efficacy of early treatment with infliximab in pediatric Crohn’s disease. World J Gastroenterol 2010;16:1776-1781. 4. Cozijnsen MA, de Ridder L. Infliximab More Effective in Therapy-Naive Than in Therapy-Refractory Patients. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015;61:e15. 5. Lee YM, Kang B, Lee Y, et al. Infliximab “Top-Down” Strategy is Superior to “Step-Up” in Maintaining Long-Term Remission in the Treatment of Pediatric Crohn Disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015;60:737-743. 6. Kim MJ, Lee JS, Lee JH, et al. Infliximab therapy in children with Crohn’s disease: a one-year evaluation of efficacy comparing “top-down” and “step-up” strategies. Acta Paediatr 2011;100:451- 455. 7. Walters TD, Kim MO, Denson LA, et al. Increased effectiveness of early therapy with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha vs an immunomodulator in children with Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology 2014;146:383-391. 8. Ruemmele FM, Veres G, Kolho KL, et al. Consensus guidelines of ECCO/ESPGHAN on the medical management of pediatric Crohn’s disease. J Crohns Colitis 2014;8:1179-1207. 9. Lichtenstein GR, Feagan BG, Cohen RD, et al. Serious infections and mortality in association with therapies for Crohn’s disease: TREAT registry. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;4:621-630. 10. Lichtenstein GR. Approach to Steroid-Dependent and Steroid-Refractory Crohn’s Disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2001;33:S27-S35. 11. Markowitz J, Hyams J, Mack D, et al. Corticosteroid therapy in the age of infliximab: acute and 1-year outcomes in newly diagnosed children with Crohn’s disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;4:1124-1129. 12. Hyams J, Crandall W, Kugathasan S, et al. Induction and maintenance infliximab therapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease in children. Gastroenterology 2007;132:863-873. 13. Hyams JS, Griffiths A, Markowitz J, et al. Safety and efficacy of adalimumab for moderate to severe Crohn’s disease in children. Gastroenterology 2012;143:365-74.e2. 14. Rahier JF, Ben-Horin S, Chowers Y, et al. European evidence-based Consensus on the prevention, diagnosis and management of opportunistic infections in inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohns Colitis 2009;3:47-91. 15. Veereman-Wauters G, de Ridder L, Veres G, et al. Risk of infection and prevention in pediatric patients with IBD: ESPGHAN IBD Porto Group commentary. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2012;54:830-837. 16. Hyams JS, Dubinsky MC, Baldassano RN, et al. Infliximab Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Malignancy or Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Pediatric Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology 2017;152:1901-1914.e3. 17. Joosse ME, AardoomMA, Kemos P, et al. Malignancy and mortality in paediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease: a 3-year prospective, multinational study from the paediatric IBD Porto group of ESPGHAN. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018;48:523-537.