Hester Paanakker

Security of detention and/or for detainees: reducing or preventing aggression, violence, unsafe atmosphere 16 Security awareness: managing tensions through contact 7 Security of employee: keeping oneself and colleagues safe 5 Reintegration (39) Changing mindset and behavior of detainee during detention 18 Teaching detainee life skills: work, education, etc. 8 Contributing to detainees’ return to society 7 Discharge support in cooperation with chain partners: arranging housing, social security disbursements, etc. 6 Task Effectiveness (15) Ensuring daily peace and quiet: a well-structured day without unnecessary unrest, distraction or time constraints 15 Second, security orientations contain the key notion that detention should first and foremost be executed safely and should be aimed at maximizing safety and security for both employees and detainees and at minimizing occurrences of aggression, violence, and crime within the penal facility. Besides the need for a balanced approach to detainees, which may include a more strict and severe disciplining treatment style on occasions (mentioned by 17 respondents), respondents mainly report the importance of relational security. Knowing their detainees well enables the prison officer to detect and anticipate potentially divergent behaviors: “ contact is our first safety line ” (respondent 27). Third, respondents put equal emphasis on reintegration efforts as a key quality of penal craftsmanship. Reintegration orientations are depicted as a direct investment in stimulating detainees’ rehabilitation so as to obtain a life(style) free of criminal activity in the long term. Prison officers feel that craftsmanship in their work aims at bringing about behavioral change through interaction with detainees (mentioned by 18 respondents), and there are already many institutionalized ways in which they are required to foster this, for instance by stimulating 80 Chapter 3