Sara van den Berg

102 Chapter 4 Figure 5. No negative effect of CMV infection on number and duration of symptoms of influenza virus in- fection. A) Influenza specific T-cell responses upon influenza virus infection at <72 hours after fever onset, and 2 and 8 weeks later was associated with the severity of symptoms of influenza infection. Association was tested by Spearman correlation . B) Number of symptoms during influenza virus infection in CMV- and CMV+ individuals. Due to study design, participants had a minimal of two symptoms; fever (≥37.8 °C) and at least 1 other symptom, either cough, sore throat, running nose, headache, pain while breathing or muscle pain. Statistical differences between CMV- and CMV+ were tested by Chi-square test. C) Duration of having symptoms, regardless which one and how many, of influenza virus infection in CMV- and CMV+ individuals. Duration in days was calculated to Z-values. Difference between CMV- and CMV+ individuals was tested by student-t test. D) Severity of symp- toms, taking along both duration and number of symptoms was assessed by taking the mean of Z-values of the six symptoms (cough, sore throat, runny nose, headache, pain while breathing or muscle pain. E) Percentage of CMV- and CMV+ individuals suffering from respectively cough, sore throat, running nose, headache, pain while breathing and muscle pain. Statistical differences between CMV- and CMV+ were tested by Chi-square test. F) Frequency of CMV- and CMV+ individuals coughing during influenza virus infection. Difference between CMV- and CMV+ individuals was tested by linear regression analysis on the downslope (starting at day of fever onset, day 0 on the x-axis) and comparison of the slope of CMV- individuals and CMV+ individuals.