Sara van den Berg

34 Chapter 2 Figure 4. Effect of age and latent CMV infection on influenza virus-specific antibody titer and protection rate to seasonal influenza infection. Geometric mean and 95% CI of influenza antibody titers are shown per age group for H1N1pdm (left panel) and H3N2 (right panel) for the representative time point T2 (3 weeks) after seasonal influenza vaccination 2010-2011 ( A ). Geometric mean and 95% CI of influenza antibody titers ( B, C ) and the percentage protected (defined as a titer ≥ 40 HAU) ( D ) are shown for CMV-seropositive and CMV-seronegative individuals for H1N1pdm and H3N2 strain before and after seasonal vaccination 2010-2011. For CMV-seropositive individuals with low, medium and high anti-CMV IgG levels geometric mean and 95% CI of influenza antibody titers ( E, F ) and the percentage protected (defined as a titer ≥ 40) ( G ) are shown for H1N1pdm and H3N2 strain before and after seasonal vaccination 2010-2011. Arrows (↓) indicate the moment of vaccination. Dotted horizontal line represents a protective influenza titer of 40 HAU. Results for the effect of latent CMV infection are adjusted for sex, age group and previous influenza vaccinations by a Generalized Estimation Equation regression model. Significant differences are tested by pairwise comparison between CMV-seropositive and CMV-seronegative individuals or anti-CMV IgG group high and low per separate time point. Significant differences between age groups were tested with ANOVA and differences between 2 age groups are tested with Student’s t-test for (log transformed) antibody titers. * p < 0.05