Carolien Zeetsen

36 Demographic factors MoCA–TS was negatively related to age ( ρ = −0.21, p = .009) and age category ( t (155) = 3.63, p < .001), and positively correlated with level of education ( ρ = 0.47, p < .001) and estimated premorbid intelligence ( r = 0.51, p ≤ .001). Sex was not related to MoCA–TS ( t (155) = 0.59, p = .557). MoCA–MIS was negatively related to age ( ρ = −0.26, p = .003) and age category ( U = 255.50, z = −3.96, p < .001, r = −0.35). Younger participants ( Mdn = 14.00) scored significantly higher (and near–ceiling) than older participants ( Mdn = 11.00). A positive correlation was found between MoCA–MIS and level of education ( ρ = 0.32, p < .001), and estimated premorbid intelligence ( ρ = 0.34, p = .016). With respect to sex, men ( Mdn = 13.00) scored significantly lower than women ( Mdn = 14.00; U = 1520.50, z = −2.14, p = .032, r = −0.19). Systematic differences Systematic differences were found across alternate versions for the items animal naming, sentence repetition and abstract reasoning. For animal naming, scores on version 7.1 were lower than on version 7.3 ( T = 1, z = −2.53, p = .011, r = −0.34). For sentence repetition, scores on version 7.1 were higher than those on both version 7.2 ( T = 10, z = −2.52, p = .012, r = −0.34) and version 7.3 ( T = 3, z = −5.09, p < .001, r = −0.69). Both animal naming and sentence repetition are part of the language domain, for which scores on version 7.1 were found to be significantly higher than on both version 7.2 ( T = 9, z = −2.59, p = .010, r = −0.35) and version 7.3 ( T = 6, z = −3.74, p < .001, r = −0.50). As for the item abstract reasoning, which is also a MoCA–DS, scores on version 7.1 were lower than those on both version 7.2 ( T = 6, z = −2.69, p = .007, r = −0.36) and version 7.3 ( T = 4, z = −2.56, p = .011, r = −0.34). MoCA–TS, –MIS and the other MoCA–DS and items, did not differ between versions. Test–retest reliability Tables 2.3 and 2.4 show the ICCs with means and standard deviations for the MoCA–TS, –DS and –MIS, and for all items, between versions 7.1–7.2 and 7.1–7.3, respectively. The test–retest reliability for both MoCA–TS and –MIS was higher between version 7.1–7.3 (MoCA–TS: ICC = 0.82; MoCA–MIS: ICC = 0.48), than between version 7.1–7.2 (MoCA–TS: ICC = 0.64; MoCA–MIS: ICC = 0.32). For MoCA–DS of version 7.1–7.2, the ICCs ranged from poor (0.18 for language) to good (0.60 for visuospatial abilities). For version 7.1–7.3, the ICCs ranged from poor (0.38 for attention, concentration and working memory) to fair (0.57 for memory), excluding two negative ICCs (abstract reasoning, −0.29 and orientation, −0.32).