Adriëtte Oostvogels

3 87 pBMI, lipids and offspring’s body composition Maternal pBMI and maternal lipids (a) Table 2 reports the associations between pBMI and maternal lipid levels. pBMI was positively linearly associated with TC, TG, ApoB, ApoB/ApoA, FFA, and negatively linearly associated with ApoA1 levels (Model 1). These associations remained similar after adjustment for confounders (Model 2), with the exception of ApoA1 which was rendered non-significant. Maternal lipids and child adiposity (b) Table 3 shows the associations between maternal lipids and childhood adiposity. Maternal FFA was positively linearly associated with the child’s WHtR, fat percentage, BMI and risk for overweight (Table 3). These associations between maternal FFA and the child’s fat percentage, BMI and risk for overweight remained significant after adjustment for confounders (model 2). Furthermore, maternal ApoB and TC were positively associated with the offspring’s fat percentage, the effect size remained similar after adjustment for confounders. Finally, maternal TG was positively associated with their children’s WHtR, also after adjustment for confounders. In the crude model TG was also positively associated with fat percentage and BMI; however, after adjustment for confounders the effect size dropped by 50% and these associations were no longer significant (Table 3). In absolute numbers the increase in FFA from the 2.5th percentile (0.11 mmol/L) to the 97.5th percentile (0.77 mmol/L) would lead to an increase in offspring’s fat percentage and BMI of 1.33% and 0.30 kg/m 2 , respectively. Furthermore, maternal FFA levels of 0.11 mmol/L (2.5th percentile) led to an expected risk for overweight of 5.2% whereas FFA levels of 0.77 mmol/L (97.5th percentile) increased this risk to 10.2%. The increase in TC and ApoB from the 2.5th percentile (TC of 3.57 mmol/L and ApoB of 0.45 g/L) to the 97.5th percentile (TC of 6.90 mmol/L and ApoB of 1.11 g/L) would lead to an increase of 1.56%. and 1.33% in fat percentage, respectively.