Govert Veldhuijzen
153 The D-GESQ captures patient satisfaction as a key quality indicator of gastrointestinal endoscopy Patients Patients were included if they were older than 18 years, had undergone either upper endoscopy or colonoscopy and had received CBE about the endoscopic procedure through our electronic platform prior to the procedure date. Exclusion criteria were use of propofol sedation as this leads to underreporting of procedural pain, limited Dutch language skills, no e-mail address available, dementia and visual impairment. This was ascertained as these patients did not use the CBE platform route. Informed consent for study participation was obtained from all patients by following the hyperlink in the e-mail that allows entering the questionnaire. A number of baseline demographic items were collected prior to the D-GESQ. These included age, gender, ethnicity, educational level and working status. Prior experience with endoscopic procedures was recorded. We distinguished 3 educational levels based on completed education, with ‘low’ comprising no education up until lower secondary education, ‘middle’ comprising upper secondary and middle vocational education, and ‘high’ comprising higher vocational and tertiary education. Statistical analyses Baseline characteristics were analysed using an independent 2-sample t test to compare continuous variables. For comparing non-parametrical variables, the Kruskal Wallis test was used. Continuous data were noted as mean and standard deviation, categorical data as numbers and percentages. Power calculation required a minimum of 210 included patients, as for each question the required sample size consists of 10 patients to be able to perform a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). 18 The confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate if our data fit with the predefined factor model made by the original authors. 11,18 The model of the confirmatory factor analysis was based on multiple cut-off values for a good fit. Acceptable criteria for these fits were an Adjusted Goodness of Fit (AGFI) >0.90, Tucker Lewis Index (TLI) >0.95, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) >0.90, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) <0.08 and a Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) <0.08. 19 Before we performed the CFA, the Bartlett test of sphericity and the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) were used to test whether the data were suitable for factor analysis. To verify if our data could be clustered into the same four factors, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed using principal component analysis with varimax rotation. 20 Factors were extracted if the factor loading was ≤0.4, because those questions do not contribute to any factor. The internal consistency was determined by calculating the Cronbach’s 8
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