Sanne Hoeks

General Introduction 23 1 47. Roduit C, Scholtens S, de Jongste JC, et al. Asthma at 8 years of age in children born by caesarean section. Thorax . Feb 2009;64(2):107-13. doi:10.1136/thx.2008.100875 48. Arrieta MC, Stiemsma LT, Dimitriu PA, et al. Early infancy microbial and metabolic alterations affect risk of childhood asthma. Sci Transl Med . Sep 2015;7(307):307ra152. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aab2271 49. Strachan DP. Hay fever, hygiene, and household size. BMJ . Nov 1989;299(6710):1259-60. doi:10.1136/ bmj.299.6710.1259 50. Russell SL, Gold MJ, Willing BP, Thorson L, McNagny KM, Finlay BB. Perinatal antibiotic treatment affects murine microbiota, immune responses and allergic asthma. Gut Microbes . 2013 Mar-Apr 2013;4(2):158-64. doi:10.4161/ gmic.23567 51. Russell SL, Gold MJ, Hartmann M, et al. Early life antibiotic-driven changes in microbiota enhance susceptibility to allergic asthma. May 2012;13(5):440-7. doi:10.1038/embor.2012.32 52. Jirtle RL, Skinner MK. Environmental epigenomics and disease susceptibility. Nat Rev Genet . Apr 2007;8(4):253-62. doi:10.1038/nrg2045 53. Lander ES, Linton LM, Birren B, et al. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature . Feb 2001;409(6822):860-921. doi:10.1038/35057062 54. Li YF, Langholz B, Salam MT, Gilliland FD. Maternal and grandmaternal smoking patterns are associated with early childhood asthma. Chest . Apr 2005;127(4):1232-41. doi:10.1378/chest.127.4.1232 55. Skinner MK, Manikkam M, Guerrero-Bosagna C. Epigenetic transgenerational actions of environmental factors in disease etiology. Trends Endocrinol Metab . Apr 2010;21(4):214-22. doi:10.1016/j.tem.2009.12.007 56. Petronis A. Epigenetics as a unifying principle in the aetiology of complex traits and diseases. Nature . Jun 2010;465(7299):721-7. doi:10.1038/nature09230 57. Bacchetta R, Barzaghi F, Roncarolo MG. From IPEX syndrome to FOXP3 mutation: a lesson on immune dysregulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci . 04 2018;1417(1):5-22. doi:10.1111/nyas.13011 58. Bilate AM, Lafaille JJ. Induced CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in immune tolerance. Annu Rev Immunol . 2012;30:733- 58. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075043