Carl Westin

96 Automation transparency effects T ABLE 5-1: SSD transparency across Brown’s 204 transparency criteria Transparency criteria HB SSD transparency TRI SSD transparency Domain transparency The identification of an intruder aircraft’s position and proximity is not readily apparent with informa- tion limited to the current speed of the controlled aircraft. Although no-go zone characteristics across different speed settings can be mentally interpolated by manually scrolling through the speed envelope of the controlled aircraft (by increments of 10 knots), this requires additional time and cognitive workload. The triangle-shaped no-go zones facilitate increased understanding of 1) the full shape of the constraints and boundaries and how to avoid them, 2) the prox- imity of an intruder determined from the width of the triangle (a larger angle between the triangle legs indicates closer proximity), 3) the relative position of an intruder determined from the the direction to which the triangle opens up, and 4) the intruder air- craft’s velocity vector (speed an trajectory) deter- mined from mentally drawing a line from the origin of the controlled aircraft to the tip of the intruder air- craft’s triangle visualized in the SSD. Internal transparency Insight into the underlying algorithms for calculating the no-go zones is not readily afforded. The full triangles reflect more information rele- vant to how the no-go zones have been calculated and therefore provide slightly better internal trans- parency Embedding transparency Achieved by integrating the SSD with the radar view display. Achieved by integrating the SSD with the radar view display.