Given Hapunda

10 Step 3: Once a comprehensive list of codes is generated, the final codes are each written on a sticky note and participants can start to organise them into themes. A group of themes can be stuck together on a large sheet of paper (Manila paper). Step 4: The process of coding and generating themes usually provides a lot of information about the relationships between codes and how they interact to form a theme. Therefore, the next step is about understanding the relationships between themes, and how the groups of codes inform these relationships. A key is developed to understand the nature of the interaction and relationship between themes using cotton wool strings of different colours as follows:  Red – cause and effect  Black – barrier  White – facilitator  Blue – contradiction/tension  Pink – relationship Step 5: After the interactions are established, through discussion and re-examining themes, a thematic map can be created (as seen in the figure 1 below), and discussed using predetermined discussion and brainstorming questions. Questions such as the following can guide the discussion and brainstorming session:  What surprised you? Why or why not?  Based on what you read, what would you conclude is the situation of [topic/indicator] and its consequences?  What actionable ideas for improving the situation did you see or can you suggest?  What problems seem more consistently identified and hold a greater challenge? Figure 1: Thematic Maps