Given Hapunda

142 Analysing M&E Data Monitoring and process evaluations can reveal programme quality, coverage and exposure as well as programme functions. In impact evaluations, analysis may reveal how the programme achieved the intended results, and the portion of the changes in outcome indicators the programme can take credit for. Monitoring and Evaluation data presents at the least, two time periods, the Base-line and End-line. This enables comparison of the implemented programmes to be evaluated before and after the programme treatment or implementation. This analysis aids comparing the effect or impact that a programme/treatment brings before and after. In other designs, there may be more than two time units of comparison (i.e. including midline or several assessments before the end-line assessment). More time units of assessment are usually common in projects that take more years to be completed. Beginning analysis with M&E data must reveal key components in the data that relate to; a) Participants’ demographic characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, schooling status, residence and other important attributes. b) Performing frequencies of specific behaviours both risk and protective factors. Hypothetical Example For the sake of demonstrating how data is analysed in M&E, hypothetical data on a project aiming to reduce malaria in three project areas – Mumbwa, Kafue and Chongwe districts will be used. The intervention involved residual spraying, supplying of mosquito nets and sensitisation on the need to sleep under mosquito nets. A total number of 140 households were targeted in these three districts. The data in SPSS Data View looks like this: