Maxime Verhoeven

181 Utility of the HandScan in monitoring disease activity in RA REFERENCES 1. Smolen, J. S., Aletaha, D. & McInnes, I.B. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet 388 , 2023–2038 (2016). 2. Smolen, J. S. et al. EULAR recommendations for the management of rheumatoid arthritis with synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs: 2019 update. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 79 , 685–699 (2020). 3. Bakker, M. F., Jacobs, J. W. G., Verstappen, S. M. M. & Bijlsma, J. W. J. Tight control in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: efficacy and feasibility. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 66 , 56–61 (2007). 4. Bakker, M. F. et al. Low-dose prednisone inclusion in a methotrexate-based, tight control strategy for early rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 156 , 329–338 (2012). 5. Meier, A. J. L., Rensen, W. H. J., de Box, P. K. & de Nijs, R. N. J. Potential of optical spectral transmission measurements for joint inflammation measurements in rheumatoid arthritis patients. J. Biomed. Opt. 17 , 081420 (2012). 6. Besselink, N. J. et al. Novel optical spectral transmission (OST)-guided versus conventionally disease activity-guided treatment: study protocol of a randomized clinical trial on guidance of a treat-to-target strategy for early rheumatoid arthritis. Trials 20 , 226 (2019). 7. Besselink, N. J. et al. Optical spectral transmission to assess inflammation in hand and wrist joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Rheumatology 57 , 865–872 (2018). 8. van Onna, M. et al. Assessment of disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using optical spectral transmission measurements, a non-invasive imaging technique. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 75 , 511–518 (2016). 9. Hendrikx, J., de Jonge, M. J., Fransen, J., Kievit, W. & van Riel, P. L. C. M. Systematic review of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for assessing disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open 2 , e000202 (2016). 10. Twisk, J. W. R. Applied multilevel analysis . (Cambridge University Press, 2006). 11. Funatogawa, I. I. & Funatogawa, T. Autoregressive linear mixed effects models. (Springer, Singapore, 2019). 12. Twisk, J., de Boer, M., de Vente, W. & Heymans, M. Multiple imputation of missing values was not necessary before performing a longitudinal mixed-model analysis. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 66 , 1022–1028 (2013). 13. Felson, D. T. et al. American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism provisional definition of remission in rheumatoid arthritis for clinical trials. Arthritis Rheum. 63 , 573–586 (2011). 14. Fransen, J. & van Riel, P. L. C. M. The disease activity score and the EULAR response criteria. Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. 35 , 745–757 (2009). 15. Ramiro, S. et al. Is treat-to-target really working in rheumatoid arthritis? A longitudinal analysis of a cohort of patients treated in daily practice (RA BIODAM). Ann. Rheum. Dis. 79 , 453–459 (2020). 16. Fukae, J. et al. Radiographic prognosis of finger joint damage predicted by early alteration in synovial vascularity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: potential utility of power doppler sonography in clinical practice. Arthritis Care Res. 63 , 1247–1253 (2011). 17. Akhavani, M. A., Larsen, H. & Paleolog, E. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells as a link between synovial vascularity and cardiovascular mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Scand. J. Rheumatol. 36 , 83–90 (2007). 18. Smolen, J. S. et al. Radiographic changes in rheumatoid arthritis patients attaining different disease activity states with methotrexate monotherapy and infliximab plus methotrexate: the impacts of remission and tumour necrosis factor blockade. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68 , 823–827 (2009). 9

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