Mylène Jansen

32 Chapter 2 Comparison with control groups Primary outcome measures The comparisons with control groups for the VAS pain, KOOS, mean JSW, and MRI cartilage thickness, as well as corresponding figures, can be found in the supplementary data; results were generally similar to those for the WOMAC, EQ-5D, and minimum JSW as described below. The WOMAC and EQ-5D are compared between KJD and TKA and KJD and HTO in 2 different RCTs, 1 and 2 years after treatment. The change in total WOMAC (Figure S5) was better for the control groups, with an MD varying between -12.0 (compared to TKA at 2 years) and -7.6 (HTO, 2 years), which was statistically significant for the 2-year difference between KJD and TKA ( p= 0.011; rest p> 0.10). The EQ-5D change (Figure S6) was somewhat better for TKA than KJD after 1 (MD=-0.17; p= 0.047) and 2 (MD=-0.17; p= 0.051) years, with no significant difference between KJD and HTO at 1 (MD=-0.01; p= 0.898) and 2 (MD=0.05; p= 0.559) years. The change in minimum (Figure S7) JSW of the MAC is compared between KJD and HTO after 1 and 2 years, showing a significantly better improvement for KJD after 1 year (MD=0.40; p= 0.041) but no statistical difference after 2 years (MD=0.32; p= 0.230). Compared to the OAI, the minimum JSW showed significantly better results 5 years after KJD (MD=1.10; p< 0.001). Other outcome measures Other outcome measures compared between KJD and control groups were the SF-36, ICOAP, active and passive knee flexion, pain, walking capacity, stair climbing, tibiofemoral angle and percentage denuded bone. Generally, there were no statistically significant differences in these measures between groups. Parameters that were statistically significantly different can be found in the supplementary data. Complications Only in the 2 RCTs the complications of the control groups, patients treated with TKA and with HTO, were described. Of 36 TKA patients, 5 required knee manipulation under anesthesia because of postoperative stiffness and 1 had a myocardial infarct 6 days post- surgery. Of 45 HTO patients, 2 experienced wound infection, 1 treated with oral and 1 with intravenous antibiotics. Furthermore, 1 patient received intravenous antibiotics for erysipelas and 1 patient had a partial medial meniscectomy <6 months after HTO.