Margit Kooijman

80 TABLE 4. Overall level of evience for prognostic factors and their association with outcome Prognostic factor assessed at baseline Outcome QS > 60 % QS ≤ 60 % Level of evidence Primary care Higher shoulder pain intensity 14,15,18,22 Poorer 4/5 ─ Strong Better 1/5 ─ Concomitant neck pain 5,15,18 Poorer 3/3 ─ Strong Longer duration of symptoms 14,15,18,22,23 Poorer 4/4 1/1 Strong Precipitating cause (trauma) 5,15 Better 1/2 ─ Inconclusive No association 1/2 ─ Greater disability 14,15,18,22,23 Poorer 2/4 1/1 Inconclusive No assocition 2/4 ─ Inconclusive Previous episode of pain 14,15,23 Poorer ─ 1/1 No association 2/2 ─ Female gender 5,14,15,18,22 Better 1/5 ─ Inconclusive Poorer 1/5 ─ No association 3/5 ─ Gradual onset 14,15,18,22 Poorer 2/4 ─ Inconclusive No association 2/4 ─ Secondary care Greater disability 11,17,24,25 Poorer 2/2 1/2 Strong Better ─ 1/2 No previous shoulder pain 11,17 Better 2/2 ─ Strong Higher education 11,25 Better 1/1 1/1 Moderate Gradual onset 24,26,27 Poorer ─ 1/3 Inconclusive No association ─ 2/3 Long duration of complaints 11,24,26-28 Poorer ─ 2/4 Inconclusive No association 1/1 2/4 Non-dominant side involved 24,26-28 Better ─ 1/4 Inconclusive No association ─ 3/4 Diagnosis (large tear) 17,24,25,29 Poorer ─ 1/3 Inconclusive No association 1/1 2/3 Physical workload (manual work) 11,28 Poorer ─ 1/1 Inconclusive No association 1/1 ─ Health status 11,17 Better 1/2 ─ Inconclusive No association 1/2 ─ Occupational setting Longer duration of symptoms 16,30 Poorer ─ 2/2 Inconclusive Higher age 12,13,16,31,32 Poorer 2/2 1/3 Inconclusive No association 2/3 Female gender 12,13,16,32 Better ─ 1/3 Inconclusive Poorer ─ 1/3 No association 1/1 1/3 Work related psychosocial factors 16,31,32 Poorer No association 2/2 ─ ─ 1/1 Inconclusive High physical workload 13,16,30-34 Poorer 1/2 1/5 Inconclusive No association 1/2 3/5 Sporting activities 13,16,31,32,34 Better ─ 1/3 Inconclusive Poorer 1/2 ─ No association 1/2 2/3