Arjen Lindenholz

124 CHAPTER 5 Table 4. Associations between vascular risk factors and the total vessel wall lesions (anterior and posterior) Risk factor Unadjusted relative risk (±95%CI) P-value Adjusted relative risk (±95%CI) P-value Age (per year increase) 1.02 (1.00-1.03) 0.03 1.02 (1.00-1.03)* 0.02 Sex (male) 0.88 (0.58-1.28) 0.50 0.84 (0.58-1.23)** 0.36 Body mass index (by 1-point increase) 1.02 (0.98-1.06) 0.36 1.02 (0.98-1.06) 0.30 Systolic blood pressure (per 10 mmHg) 1.15 (1.06-1.26) 0.001 1.15 (1.06-1.25) 0.001 Hypertension (presence) 1.65 (1.15-2.37) 0.008 1.49 (1.01-2.21) 0.046 LDL (per mmol/L increase) 1.05 (0.90-1.23) † 0.52 1.08 (0.92-1.26) † 0.34 HDL (per mmol/L increase) 0.81 (0.38-1.77) ‡ 0.60 0.73 (0.35-1.54) ‡ 0.41 Triglycerides (per mmol/L increase) 1.01 (0.83-1.23) ‡ 0.95 1.02 (0.84-1.23) ‡ 0.85 Hyperlipidemia (presence) 1.14 (0.78-1.68) 0.50 1.00 (0.65-1.54) 0.99 Diabetes mellitus (presence) 1.98 (1.46-2.70) < 0.001 1.78 (1.37-2.32) < 0.001 eGFR (in mL/min) 1.01 (1.00-1.02) 0.08 1.01 (1.00-1.02) 0.004 Smoking status (per pack year) 1.00 (0.98-1.01) 0.56 0.99(0.98-1.01) 0.87 Vascular risk score (SMART, per %) 1.01 (1.00-1.02) 0.06 NA Table 4. Forty-five participants were included in this analysis. Participants scanned with a small field of view (45 of 90 participants) were excluded. The unadjusted and adjusted (for age and sex) relative risks including their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the total number of vessel wall lesions. A p-value < 0.05 was considered a trend; a p-value < 0.0013 (the Bonferroni correction) was considered indicative of a statistically significant difference. eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; NA, not applicable; SMART, Second manifestations of arterial disease that estimates the 10-year risk for recurrent vascular event in patients with manifest cardiovascular disease. *, Adjusted for sex only; **, adjusted for age only; †, obtained in 38 participants; ‡, obtained in 40 participants.