Donna Frost

Chapter 4 108 or tangible, via creative expression. It is integral to being able to reflect upon the experience later, either individually or collaboratively. Section C of Table 4 . 1 gives a summary of the methods used. Within practice Practically, during the practice, or red, loop of the lemniscate, after witnessing or participating in a particular professional experience, the practitioner-inquirer and co-inquirer used some form of creativity to express their individual response to the experience. The forms of creative expression varied depending on location, time and materials available and tended to take account of the limited time available and the high chance of interruption. Association cards (eg. Bijkerk & Loonen, 2009 ; Stokes, 2011 ), coloured pencil drawings or sketches were often used. These materials are easily portable and colourful and offered low key ways to express ourselves creatively, particularly when inviting other stakeholders to participate in this step of the inquiry. We also made use of symbols, metaphors and objects in the immediate environment (eg. Titchen & Horsfall, 2007 ; Titchen & Ajjawi, 2010 ; McCormack & Titchen, 2014 ). Regardless of the materials used, the creative expression was captured with a digital photo. During CCCI meetings Within the group this step in the lemniscate cycle (shown in the blue loop of Figure 4 . 5 ) took place after and in response to our ‘reporting back’ of our inquiryexperiences since the last meeting. As in practice, making the creative expression took place in silence. During the meetings we generally had more time, materials and people available to us than when in practice. It was possible, for example, to work together on a collective creation. This enabled other forms of artistic expression than were possible when working individually. Additionally, during CCCI meetings our creative expressionswere in response to a great dealmore information thanwhen in practice. There had usually been a lot of information shared, from up to seven individuals, in diverse forms, before we began. This step of creative expression was therefore important for distilling out the essence of what we had seen, experienced, heard or presented ourselves and for bringing into consciousness the confluences and contradictions. Individual forms of creative expression during the CCCI meetings included painting, association cards, collage, drawing, symbols and metaphors. When working collaboratively on a creative expression we often chose poetry, body-work, and making collages and installations. Everyone was in any case free to choose the