Caroliene Meijndert

66 Chapter 4 was checked for normality using QQ-plots and the Shapiro-Wilk test in order to determine the appropriate statistical method. Ordinal and not-normally distributed continuous data was analysed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test to determine any significance between time intervals. The normally distributed data between the time intervals was calculated with the Paired T-test. Categorical data was analysed with the Mc Nemar’s test. A p-value of 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. A Bonferroni correction was performed to correct for multiple testing. All the analyses were performed using SPSS (PASW Statistics 23.0, SPSS Inc.; IBM Corporation, Chicago, IL, USA). Results A total of 30 participants was included in the study. The study population characteristics are depicted in Table 1 . No participants dropped out or were lost to follow-up. Table 1. Characteristics of the study group at the start of the study. Number of participants 30 Mean age mean±SD (range) 38±16 (18-75) Male/female ratio 15/15 Implant location (I 1 /I 2 /C/P 1 ) 15/11/2/2 Implant length 10/12/14 3/25/2 Implant diameter 3.3/4.1 11/19 Implant stability The median implant stability quotient value immediately after implant placement was 73 [68;76] (min 46, max 81) and had increased significantly to 79 [77;81] (min 73, max 85) on the day the definitive restoration was placed ( Table 2 ). Buccal bone thickness at implant placement Although there was sufficient bone volume in all cases to place the implants with adequate primary stability (manually torqued with a ratchet to at least 35Ncm), the bone thickness of 23 out of 30 cases (77%) was <2 mm facially to the implant. These cases received additional augmentation. One patient lost granules of the augmentation material 2 weeks after implant placement, but no further treatment was needed. All the wounds healed uneventfully.