Vincent de Leijster

47 Agroecological management improves ecosystem services in almond orchards within one year 3 Ecosystem service indicator Unit GLMM p -value CT NT GM CM Pest control Pest abundance # individuals trap -1 0.39 12 ± 10 8.2 ± 5.8 8.5 ± 9.3 16 ± 13 Natural enemies abundance # individuals trap -1 0.77 0.87 ± 0.43 0.72 ± 0.39 0.58 ± 0.66 0.87 ± 0.61 NE:P ratio Ratio 0.57 0.26 ± 0.38 0.16 ± 0.22 0.26 ± 0.38 0.08 ± 0.08 Pollination Pollinator abundance # of individuals 0.13 6.0 ± 5.7 7.4 ± 7.3 5.6 ± 4.4 8.6 ± 8.7 Fruit set Fruit:Flower ratio 0.062 0.12 ± 0.12 0.20 ± 0.21 0.13 ± 0.16 0.14 ± 0.20