Elien Neimeijer

58 between-level, group climate was significantly related to aggression ( β = -.82, p = .005), but not to coercive measures ( β = -.54, p = .05). This means that a positive group climate was associated with lower levels of aggression at both the within- and between-level, such that participants’ perceptions of group climate were associated with lower levels of aggression, and variation in levels of perceived group climate between groups was also associated with aggression at the group level. Figure 2. Two-level structural equation model of the relation between group climate, aggressive incidents, and coercive measures e2 Support Aggressive incidents Coercive measures Growth Gender Repression Legal status Atmosphere Group climate e1 .89*** 0.75*** 0.71*** 051*** -.21** 0.09 (ns) R2 = .05 R2 = .29 -.08 (ns) .02 (ns) .09 (ns) .17*