Timo Soeterik

123 Development of a novel EPE nomogram TABLE 1. Baseline characteristics of the separate patient cohorts Development Validation 1 Validation 2 No. of patients N (%) 887 513 470 Age (median, IQR) 66 (61 – 69) 66 (61 – 70) 66 (62 – 70) PSA (ng/ml) Mean (SD) 7.9 (5.9 – 11.0) 8.0 (5.9 – 11) 8.3 (5.9 – 12.5) PSA density (ng/ml/ml) Mean (SD) 0.18 (0.12 – 0.27) 0.17 (0.12 – 0.28) 0.20 (0.13 – 0.32) Clinical T-stage N (%) T1c T2a T2b T2c T3 Unknown 509 (57) 240 (27) 34 (4) 29 (3) 64 (8) 11 (1) 338 (66) 93 (18) 45 (9) 16 (3) 19 (4) 2 (0) 288 (61) 148 (32) 9 (2) 8 (2) 14 (3) 3 (0) Preoperative MRI N (%) Yes No 879 (99) 8 (1) 496 (97) 17 (3) 387 (82) 83 (18) Radiological T-stage N (%) T0 T2/T2a T2b T2c T2/T3 (uncertain EPE) T3a T3b T4 Unknown 66 (7) 285 (32) 46 (5) 117 (13) 94 (11) 200 (23) 48 (5) 5 (1) 26 (3) 57 (11) 130 (25) 27 (5) 60 (12) 62 (12) 133 (26) 25 (5) 0 (0) 19 (4) 38 (8) 216 (46) 10 (2) 48 (10) 12 (3) 53 (11) 3 (1) 0 (0) 90 (19) Biopsy type N (%) TRUS-guided systematic MRI-guided TRUS + MRI-guided 497 (56) 140 (16) 250 (28) 313 (61) 66 (13) 134 (26) 380 (81) 17 (4) 73 (15) Pathological stage N (%) T2 T2a T2b T2c T3a T3b T4 36 (4) 86 (10) 8 (1) 303 (34) 338 (38) 112 (13) 4 (0) 1 (0) 49 (10) 11 (2) 256 (50) 142 (28) 53 (10) 1 (0) 35 (8) 37 (8) 16 (3) 237 (50) 99 (21) 46 (10) 0 (0) IQR = interquartile range, PSA = prostate specific antigen, SD = standard deviation, MRI = magnetic resonance imaging, EPE = extraprostatic extension, TRUS = transrectal ultrasonography. 7