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3 37 | Carotid ultrasonography in statin treated FH 23% used simvastatin and the remainder used fluvastatin or pravastatin. The FH group contained more men than the healthy control group. The main differences between the groups were a higher BMI and lower blood pressure, total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol in the FH group. Carotid ultrasonography findings The frequency of plaques in 69 FH patients out of 221 FH patients was not significantly different from 24 out of 103 controls (31% versus 23%; p= 0.09). The mean C-IMT was similar in the FH patients to the healthy controls (0.58±0.13mm and 0.58±0.12mm, respectively; p=0.90). Adjustment for age, male sex, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol did not materially change these results (data not shown). In the FH group, plaque presence was associated with age, male sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride levels, years on statins, and CYS. In the multivariate logistic regression model, we used all the significant co-variables except years on statins and CYS. These two variables were excluded because of associations with other variables, which were used to calculate them. Notably, substituting these variables for age and highest cholesterol levels did not change the results. After adding the remaining significant variables from the univariate analyses, only age remained significantly associated with the presence of plaque (table 2a). Similarly, in the FH group, the mean C-IMT was positively associated with age, male sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, smoking, total cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol, triglyceride levels, years on statins, and CYS. In themultiple linear regression model the remaining associated variables were age and hypertension (table 2b). In the control group, results were similar to FH for plaques. Coronary artery calcification findings In the subgroup of 49 FH patients, the plaque presence significantly correlated with the coronary calcium-score (Spearman correlation coefficient R=0.47; p=0.001), but C-IMT did not (R=0.20; p= 0.2). Of the FH patients, who underwent cardiac CT, 14 patients showed no coronary calcifications (Agatston-score: 0); 17 had mild calcification (Agatston -score: 1-136); and 18 had more severe calcification (Agatston -score>136). In univariable ordinal regression analyses, only the presence of carotid plaques (proportional odds: 7.96, 95%