Lisette van Dam

Imaging modalities for diagnosing cerebral vein thrombosis 7 119 Table 2: Different MRI techniques Type Sequences Non-contrast- enhanced flow related MRI Gradient echo: 2D TOF MRV, 3D TOF MRV, 2D PC MRV, 3D PC MRV Native contrast thrombus MRI Spin echo: T1-WI FSE/TSE, T2-WI FSE/TSE, FLAIR, PDw, MR Black Blood Imaging (MRBTI: T1-WI 3D SPACE), 3DT1 TSE SPAIR Gradient echo : DWI, MR Direct Thrombus Imaging (MRDTI: T1-WI magnetization prepared 3D gradient TFE) Gradient echo susceptibility weighted: T2*WI, T2*WI SE EPI, T2*SW, T2*GRE, GRE Contrast-enhanced (T1 SE or GRE) MRI Spin echo: CE T1-WI SE/FSE Gradient echo: 3D T1 GRE/MP-RAGE, CE T1 GRE, CE MRV (including combo 4D MRV, 3D EC MRV, CE TOF MRV) TOF MRV: dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance venography, PC MRV: phase-contrast magnetic resonance venography, T1/T2-WI: T1/T2-weighted imaging, FSE: fast spin-echo, TSE: turbo spin-echo, FLAIR: Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery, PDw: proton density weighted, SPACE: variable-flip-angle-turbo spin echo, SPAIR: Spectral Attenuated Inversion Recovery DWI: diffusion weighted imaging, TFE: turbo field echo, SE: spin-echo, EPI: echo-planar imaging, SW: susceptibility weighted, GRE: gradient-echo, CE: contrast-enhanced, MP-RAGE: magnetization- prepared rapid gradient-echo Figure 2 . Coronal Phase Contrast (PC) MR venography (MRV) image of a patient with acute sinus thrombosis of the left transverse and sigmoid sinus; A. Coronal PC MRV image and B. PC MRV maximum intensity projection (MIP) with absence of flow in the left transverse and sigmoid sinus (arrows).