Maayke Hunfeld

150 Chapter 5 Statistical analysis Baseline characteristics were reported using descriptive statistics. Continuous data was presented as mean and standard deviation (SD) for normal distributed data, median and interquartile ranges (IQR) for skewed distributed data. Categorical variables were reported as percentages and frequencies. For continuous data, differences between groups were tested using an independent sample t-test for or Mann-Whitney U test dependent on normality of distribution. For categorical data, differences between groups were analyzed with Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test when applicable. Normality of distribution of continuous data was examined with the Kolmogorov- Smirnov test. Chi-Square tests were used to determine the association between brain MRI findings and outcome. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for brain MRI findings and outcome were calculated. Results were considered statistically significant at two-sides p values < 0.05. All analyses were performed with SPSS 25.0 (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, New York, USA). Results Between January 2012 and December 2017, 113 children were admitted to the PICU of the Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital following ROC after OHCA. Fourteen were excluded. Forty out of 99 children received MRI < 1 week post-OHCA and were included (Figure 1). Children who did not receive brain MRI had less bystander CPR, less often a shockable rhythm and more children died during PICU stay. In the children who died during hospital stay, the timing of the decision to WLST was shorter in the non-MRI group (Table 1). In the included 40 children, the most common causes of OHCA were near-drowning (30%) and arrhythmia (28%). Median age at time arrest was 57 months [IQR 9-172 months], 68% were male. Brain MRI was obtained at a median of 4 days post-OHCA [IQR 3-5]. At hospital discharge, 13 children had died (32%, BD n=4, WLST-neuro n=8, WLST cardio-pulmo/neuro n=1), 18 (45%) had a good neurological outcome and 9 (23%) had a poor neurological outcome. At 24 months, outcome was known of 21/27 survivors: 18 children (85%) had a good neurological outcome, 2 (10%) had a poor neurological outcome and 1 child (5%) with