Maayke Hunfeld

212 Chapter 7 Neuropsychological outcomes In the 27 children with neuropsychological assessment, total, verbal, and performance IQ scores were lower compared with normative data; respectively 46%, 46%, and 38% of the children scored >1 SD (15 IQ points) below the mean norm score (Table 2). They also obtained worse scores for selective attention, sustained attention, processing speed, and cognitive flexibility compared with norm data; respectively 70%, 83%, 58% and 60% scored >1 SD lower than the norm (Table 2). Median z-scores for most domains were lower than zero, fig. 2. Repeated measures 3-6 and 24 months In 38 of 49 patients, PCPC scores were assessed at both 3-6 and 24 months: in 32 (85%) PCPC remained good (1-2), in 4 (10%) remained poor (PCPC >2), and in 2 children (5%) PCPC improved from poor to good. In 19 patients (39%) with repeated neuropsychological testing, total, verbal and performance IQ scores and neuropsychological domain scores did not change significantly (supplementary file 5 and 6, fig. 3). Figure 3. Intelligence tests and its individual course over time Every dot represents an individual patient. Connected line means repeated measurements for an individual patient, green: improvement over time, red: decline over time, black: no difference over time. Area between the horizontal dotted lines represents the age-appropriate scores (-1SD to +SD). Standard score: higher is better functioning (mean norm 100, SD15)