Martine Kruijtbosch

191 Gene ra l d i s cu s s i on training for them. Other sectors in pharmacy in the Netherlands may reflect on the need to adapt the operationalisations of the professional values for their setting (i.e. hospital pharmacy, pharmaceutical industry, public health pharmacy). 104 Professional bodies such as the Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association (KNMP) should place ethical development of pharmacists on top of their agenda and internalise the mission towards professional-ethics competence building of their members. This requires a strategy which starts with the development and implementation of a national charter of professionalism. In the Netherlands such a charter has already been developed (Chapter 2.2). Remarkably, an implementation and evaluation strategy for the Dutch Charter of Professionalism in the Netherlands is still lacking. Such an implementation strategy should focus on how the values as professional ideals are used in policy, (scientific and juridical) rules, regulations and guidelines and (post) academic education. For example, in the procedure for the development of professional guidelines 80 a check whether these guidelines are in line with the Charter should be a standard procedure. Eventually the effects of the Charter on the quality of pharmaceutical care should be evaluated. Professional bodies need to raise awareness among policymakers, regulators and educators on the importance of fostering the ethical competencies of community pharmacists. As stated before, professional bodies should cooperate with (post)academic education institutions to foster ethical competence development of (future) pharmacists. The Dutch Special Interest Group Professionalism and Pharmaceutical Ethics, for example, advises the Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association (KNMP) on ethical issues in the light of (the development) of pharmacists’ social role substantiated by the professional values. However, such interest groups are often informal and this may not be sufficient. Special interest groups should therefore receive full mandate and appropriate support from the professional bodies. Professional bodies shouldemphasise the importanceof apharmacy reimbursement systemthat fosters the social role of the pharmacist, and strengthens pharmacists’ professional autonomy. The current Dutch remuneration model for pharmacists, that rewards logistics rather than pharmaceutical care, does not contribute to the social role of a healthcare professional that society expects from community pharmacists and affects patients’ trust in pharmaceutical care negatively. 75 The challenge will be to develop a reimbursement system that stimulates pharmaceutical care and concurrently curbs healthcare costs. As pharmaceutical care has been shown to be cost-saving such a reimbursement system that improves patient outcomes and saves money may actually be feasible. 105 To further support community pharmacists in their healthcare role and realisation of their professional autonomy within collaboration with physicians, professional bodies should