Diederik Hentenaar

118 Chapter 5 p = 0.042). No significant differences were observed in the 10 Log-transformed mean bacterial anaerobic counts of the peri-implant sulcus, neither between control and test group, nor between baseline and three months after surgery (Table 3). Table 1. Characteristics of included patients/implants. Characteristics Control Test Number of patients 14 14 Age (years; mean [SD]) 57.0 (13.7) 60.9 (7.2) Gender; M (male), F (female) M5, F9 M7, F7 Smoking; n subjects (%) 1 (7%) 3 (21%) History of periodontitis; n subjects (%) 4 (29%) 5 (36%) Dental status; n subjects (%) • Partially edentulous 13 (93%) 12 (86%) • Fully edentulous 1 (7%) 2 (14%) Total number of implants (range) 68 (1-9) 60 (1-10) Number of implants with peri-implantitis (range) 22 (1-4) 31 (1-5) Mean bone loss at baseline in mm (SD) 2.73 (1.49) 3.58 (1.57) Table 2. Log-transformed mean bacterial anaerobic counts (SD) of culture-positive implants for the control and test group before (Tpre) and after (Tpost) debridement and decontamination of the implant surface (intra-operative microbrush samples) crobrusD, standard deviation; from control group, 2 from test group).mple size of 28 patients. g the implant surface with a N = 40* Total anaerobic bacterial load Log-transformed mean (SD) Tpre Tpost Difference b (95% CI)** p -value Control 5.57 (0.93) [17] 2.25 (2.98)† [7]‡ 2.68 (3.25) -1.39 (-3.09 - 0.32) 0.108 Test 5.35 (0.98) [23] 0.81 (2.25) † [3]‡ 4.19 (3.31) *Implants with baseline values of 0 excluded from analysis; SD, standard deviation; [n], number of culture- positive implants; **Linear regression analysis, adjusted for baseline values. †Significant difference from baseline ‡Significant difference in number of culture-positive implants after decontamination between test and control group ( p = 0.042 Clinical outcomes Descriptive statistics of the clinical outcomes at baseline and follow-up are depicted in Table 4. At 3-month follow-up 75% of the implants (66.7% of the patients) in the control