Geert Kleinnibbelink

Cardiac Remodelling in Olympic Athletes 4 101 All rowers (n=27) T-test Male (n=19) Female (n=8) ANOVA Pre Post Pre Post Pre Post Mean±SD Mean±SD P-value Mean±SD Mean±SD Mean±SD Mean±SD Time Gender Time* Gender Uncoupling ED, % 1.3±1.9 1.4±1.3 0.92 1.3±1.8 1.2±1.4 1.4±2.3 1.6±1.2 0.86 0.59 0.78 Uncoupling LD, % 2.0±1.8 2.2±1.3 0.65 2.2±1.6 1.9±1.1 1.7±2.2 2.9±1.6 0.37 0.60 0.14 Uncoupling, % 1.6±1.8 1.6±1.2 0.88 1.6±1.7 1.5±1.2 1.5±2.2 2.0±1.1 0.73 0.64 0.50 Sslope, %/cm 2 1.9±0.4 1.9±0.5 0.69 1.7±0.3 1.7±0.3 2.2±0.5 2.3±0.5 0.50 0.001 0.35 ESlope, %/cm 2 2.0±0.7 2.1±0.7 0.47 1.8±0.7 1.9±0.5 2.3±0.6 2.4±0.8 0.46 0.04 0.85 EDslope, %/cm 2 1.4±0.6 1.3±0.5 0.65 1.2±0.6 1.2±0.5 1.6±0.5 1.4±0.6 0.59 0.09 0.73 LDslope, %/cm 2 2.1±0.9 2.2±0.6 0.91 1.9±0.7 1.9±0.5 2.6±1.0 2.5±0.6 0.99 0.003 0.68 Right Atrium RA Area, cm2 19±4 19±4 0.10 20±4 21±4 16±4 16±3 0.24 <0.001 0.41 index 9±1 9±2 0.09 9±1 10±2 8±1 8±1 0.22 0.06 0.54 RA Longitudinal Strain, % 57±11 57±12 0.97 54±10 55±12 62±14 60±13 0.83 0.13 0.62 Data are expressed as means±SD. ED, Early diastole; EDslope, Early linear slope during first 5% of volume increase in diastole; ESslope, Early linear slope during first 5% of volume ejection in systole; Late Diastole; LDslope, Late linear slope during last 5% of volume increase in diastole; PLAX, Parasternal long axis; PSAX, Parasternal short axis; RA, Right atrium; RV, Right ventricle; RVEDA, Right ventricular end-diastolic area; RVESA, Right ventricular end-systolic area; RVFAC, Right ventricular fractional area change; RVOT, Right ventricular outflow tract; Sslope, Linear slope of the strain-volume loop during systole; TAPSE, Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TDI, Tissue doppler imaging. Level of significance P-value < 0.05. Table 2. (Continued)