Addi van Bergen

Chapter 5 104 Social exclusion. The data presented in Table 3 confirm that in the four cities SE is more prevalent in adults of Surinamese, Moroccan and Turkish origin compared to native Dutch adults. High levels of SE were found in 20.0% of the urban population of Surinamese origin, 20.9% of the Moroccan, 28.7% of Turkish and 4.2% of native Dutch origin. Elevated levels were also found on the underlying dimension scales. Especially material deprivation was increased in all three immigrant groups by a factor of 6 to 7. Inadequate access to basic social rights was highest in adults of Moroccan origin. Only in Turkish adults, the prevalence of ‘Lack of normative integration’ was not increased compared to adults of native Dutch origin (p=0.023). Table 3. Prevalence rates of moderate to strong social exclusion in adults of Surinamese, Moroccan, Turkish and Dutch origin # Surinamese (N=1,803) Moroccan (N=1,009) Turkish (N=1,164) Dutch (N=19,318) % p % p % p % SEI-HS index 20.0 .000 20.9 .000 28.7 .000 4.2 Dim1: limited social participation 13.4 .000 11.6 .000 17.2 .000 4.4 Dim 2: material deprivation 24.1 .000 22.6 .000 25.2 .000 3.6 Dim 3: inadequate access to basic social rights 16.5 .000 27.2 .000 22.7 .000 5.3 Dim 4: lack of normative integration 15.7 .000 12.4 .000 9.5 .023 6.4 # Prevalence rates were weighted for sample design and selective non-response. SPSS Complex Samples Likelihood-test was used to test the difference with the Dutch reference group. P-value italic if significant at < 0.001 level. Confirmatory factor analyses The results showed an acceptable model fit for the three immigrant groups (Table 4). In all cases the Hoelter’s .05 Index indicated good model fit. Factor loadings were all significant at the 0.001 level except for item 17 ‘Work is just a way of earning money’ (Table 4). The factor loadings of this item were not significant in the Moroccan and Turkish groups. The RMSEA, CFI and TLI coefficients were comparable to the fit of the original SEI-HS model. Differential item functioning Of the 17 items examined, none displayed substantial DIF i.e. p < 0.001 and D R 2 0.035 or higher (S1 Tables A-C). II Qualitative phase In total 52 interviews were conducted, with respectively 11 Surinamese, 9 Moroccan, 10 Turkish and 22 Dutch persons. Four in five were interviewed by an interviewer of the same migration background (81%). Characteristics of respondents are presented in Table 2.