Addi van Bergen

Supplementary material chapter 2 173 Confounding, match-ing & stratification** etc. Results per indicator*** Correlations and effect estimates per indicator $ Combined result $$ Methodological limitations # Study quality ## Adj for gender and age + S1-6 E OR (95% CI) S1 4.47 (3.26-6.97) S2 4.19 (3.04-5.75) S3 5.31 (3.40-8.00) S4 3.98 (2.92-5.46)) S5 17.64 (12.62-24.48) S6 5.28 (3.81-7.28) E 4.10 (2.98-5.64) No illness is reference group + 2 3 4 5 7” + OR (95% CI) S1 2.17 (1.82-2.57) S2 1.95 (1.67-2.27) S3 1.66 (1.17-2.28) S4 1.22 (1.05-1.41) S5 5.31 (4.29-6.54) S6 1.78(1.46-2.16) E 1.28 (1.07-1.51) No illness is reference group e) Dichotomous sum scores based on a median split (S) and “1 or more” versus “none” (E). Original sources Henderson et al. (1978) and Marshall & Barnett (1993). For references please see Honey et al. [37]. f) Mental health was measured with the SF36 mental health scale. This scale consists of 5 questions on symptoms of depression, anxiety and positive mental health and is used for identifying common mental disorders. g) The association between disability and MH was moderated by both financial hardship and social support. Under conditions of low SE (= high social support & no financial hardship) there were no differences in MH between people with and without disabilities. Under conditions of low social support there was an enhanced risk of MH problems and the effect was stronger for people with disabilities. The combination of two factors contributing to SE strengthens the effect on MH. h) The analysis involved 171 people with severe mental illness (MH1), 299 people with severe physical illness PH1, 841 people with common mental illness (MH2) and 13,957 people without these illnesses. In Table S1a only results for MH1 and MH2 are presented (N=14,969). MH1 = being treated for a mental health problem and receiving a disability pension; MH2 = being treated for a mental health problem and not receiving a disability pension; PH1 = not being treated for a mental health problem and receiving a disability pension; No illness = not being treated for a mental health problem and not receiving a disability pension. The results for PH1 are presented in TableS2a. i) Marokko.nl: a popular website, which is regularly visited by 70% of all young Moroccan-Dutch people. j) The study included three social exclusion variables: Social support measured with the Oslo Social Support Questionnaire; Perceived discrimination measured with the Every Day Discrimination Scale; and Social Defeat measured with the Defeat Scale . The Defeat scale contains 16 statements, which describe how feel about themselves e.g. successful, powerless or one of life’s losers and does not correspond to our multidimensional definition of SE. In this table we only present the results for Social support and Perceived discrimination. k) Measures used: Depressive symptoms: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale 10 (K10); Psychotic experiences: Prodromal Questionnaire-16 (PQ-16). + S1-6 E