Addi van Bergen

180 Table S2a: Description of observational studies on the association between SE/SI and physical health in the general population Reference Setting Population Sample size Indicators SE/SI * Health measure** Statistical analysis Prospective cohort study Saito et al. [43] Japan General population, 65 years or older 13,310 S: social isolation and/or social inactivity E: relative poverty ES: excluded on S and E Outcome : PH: mortality Cox’s proportional hazard model Case control study Waterstone et al. [44] England General population: women who delivered in maternity units 2,938 SEPC: 1 or more indicators present, out of list of 13 SE indicators a) Outcome: PH: severe obstetric morbidity Multivariate logistic regression PH: severe PET PH: severe haemorrhage PH: severe sepsis PH: uterine rupture Cross-sectional study Bayram et al. [34] Turkey General population, 18-80 years 2,493 S: social participation (9) E: material deprivation (8) P1: access to institutions (5) P2: access to adequate housing and safe environment (8) C: cultural normative integration (5 items) b) PH: physical health (WHOQOL- BREF) Structural equation modeling Halleröd & Larsson [47] Sweden General population 16-74 years 4,941 S: loneliness E1: deprivation of goods/services (36); E2: cash margin P1: crowded housing (4); P2: disorganised area (4); P3: worried by crime; P4: victimisation crime; P5: victimisation violence C1: voting; C2: politically active PH1: obesity Bivariate correlation PH2: headache PH3: sleeplessness