Iris de Nie

130 C H A P T E R 8 CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this large nationwide cohort study in trans women receiving hormone treatment showed a five-fold decrease in prostate cancer risk compared to the general male population of similar age. This observation confirms our hypothesis that androgen deprivation has a preventive effect on the initiation and development of prostate cancer in general. Although the risk is much lower in trans women, prostate cancer in this population still occurs. Trans women, their general practitioners, and other health care providers should be aware of the possibility of the development of prostate cancer despite low serum androgen levels.