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CHAPTER 1 12 development. Like CASC, CAMH provides specialized care, but primarily by psychologists and psychiatrists, to children with more severe psychosocial problems and psychiatric disorders [17, 19, 20]. In the Netherlands municipalities, local authorities, have been responsible to provide psychosocial care for children and adolescents since 2015, with the start of the new Child and Youth Act. This care emphasizes provision of preventive and light support to children and families, incorporating help from their social networks, for example via the work of so called ‘local area teams’ (in Dutch: ‘sociale wijkteams’) that work preventively within the local neighbourhood and, when necessary, facilitate access to specialized care. This Act aims to reduce the use of more specialized care, transforming the system to lead to more coherent, effective, and less expensive care for children, adolescents and their families [21, 22]. Enrolment in care is possible via local area teams but also via general practitioners and PCH. Before 2015, responsibilities for the different care types were diffuse; municipalities were responsible for PCH, provincial governments for CASC, and health insurance companies for CAMH. This dispersion of responsibilities, combined with deficient collaboration of professionals around children and families, insufficient use of preventive and light support, excessive use of specialized care, medicalization, and over- and undertreatment were important reasons for the government to change the system [21]. Before 2015, enrolment in care took place via general practitioners and PCH, via 'youth care offices' (in Dutch: Bureaus Jeugdzorg), which referred children with more severe problems to specialized care after deciding which type of intervention was most appropriate [23].