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GENERAL INTRODUCTION 13 Table 1 Main providers of psychosocial care for children and adolescents in the Netherlands; situation at time of data collection a b Care type Description Preventive child healthcare (PCH)  In PCH, doctors and nurses provide care to children and families with mild problems. In case of more severe problems, PCH may refer children and families to specialized care, either CASC or CAMH.  PCH provides light psychosocial support, for example ambulatory/outpatient or home-based family support. Care is aimed to be of short duration.  Children and families usually enter PCH by visiting the school doctor or nurse employed in PCH. Enrolment via referral by their general practitioner or via the youth care office (in Dutch: ‘Bureaus Jeugdzorg’) is also possible.  PCH is financed by the municipality. Child and adolescent social care (CASC)  In CASC, child (social) workers and pedagogues provide specialized care to children and families. CASC treats psychosocial problems and social and economic family problems that could impede or threaten the child’s development. Compared to PCH, CASC treats more severe problems.  CASC provides individual child support for trauma, experiential learning, independent living, parenting, families and foster care. Care can be ambulatory/outpatient, home-based, day-treatment, residential or foster care. More frequently than in PCH, CASC care lasts longer than 3 months.  Children and families enter CASC mainly via referral by the youth care office, which also decides about the type of intervention needed. Referral to CASC by PCH or the general practitioner is also possible.  CASC is financed by provincial governments. Child and adolescent mental healthcare (CAMH)  In CAMH psychologists and psychiatrists provide children and families with specialized care for psychosocial problems and psychiatric disorders. Compared to PCH, CAMH treats more severe problems.  CAMH provides support for the individual child, for trauma, for parenting and for families. Care is ambulatory/outpatient, home-based or day- treatment. More frequently than in PCH, care lasts longer than 3 months.  Children and families enter CAMH mainly via referral by the general practitioner. Referral is also possible via PCH or youth care offices.  CAMH is financed by health insurance companies. a Since the new Child and Youth Act became operational in 2015 municipalities are responsible for all three care types. b This table is based on [17, 19, 20]. Enrolment in psychosocial care Logically, enrolment in psychosocial care takes place before the start of the treatment process. Therefore, a fluent course of enrolment of children and adolescents in care could be vital for an adequate subsequent care process, and potentially also for care outcomes. Goldberg and Huxley have described the process of enrolment in the Pathways to Care [11, 24] . Their model, unlike other models, is more directed towards the process of enrolment itself. Other models, including the Health Behaviour model [25-27]