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DETERMINANTS - SYSTEMATIC REVIEW 79 Table 2 Summary of results per outcome (filters and use of care) Outcome Determinants (outcome more likely for): n / N* Filter 1: Decision to consult Child characteristics: Psychosocial problems 1/2** Male gender 1/2 Caucasian (vs. African-American) ethnicity 1/1 Regular source of routine pediatric care 1/1 Non-significant findings for: psychosocial problem severity, age, health insurance, school performance, receiving exceptional student education (all n=1) Family characteristics: Biological two-parent family 1/1 Non-significant findings for: socioeconomic status (n=2) Filter 2: Recognition by a professional Child characteristics: Psychosocial problems 4/4 Psychosocial problem severity 1/1 Primary school age (3.5-4 years old vs. 21-27 months old, and 4-11 vs. 12-16 years old) 2/3 Male gender 1/4 Caucasian (vs. African-American) ethnicity 1/4 Highly urbanized area 1/2 Life events 1/3 Academic problems 1/1 Past treatment for psychosocial problems 3/3 Not receiving day care (21 months to 4 years) 1/1 Non-significant findings for: chronic illness or handicap (n=3), health insurance (n=1), receiving exceptional student education (n=1), negative pregnancy outcome (pregnancy duration <37 week, birth weight <2500 g) (n=2), instrumental delivery (n=2), hospitalization after birth (n=1) Family characteristics: Other than a biological two-parent family 1/3 Lower socioeconomic status 1/3 Non-significant findings for: siblings (n=3) Filter 3: Referral to specialist care Child characteristics: Psychosocial problems 4/4 Non-Caucasian or Mediterranean (vs. Dutch) descent 1/3 Low educational level (adolescent) 1/1 Academic problems 2/2 More competence in activities 1/1 Life events 1/3 Past treatment for psychosocial problems 2/3 Non-significant findings for: gender (n=3), age (n=2), ethnicity (n=2), urbanization (n=2), receiving day care (n=1), chronic illness or handicap (n=3), negative pregnancy outcome (pregnancy duration <37 week, birth weight <2500 g) (n=2), instrumental delivery (n=2), hospitalization after birth (n=1) Family characteristics: Other than a biological two-parent family 1/4 Change in family composition 1/1 Lower socioeconomic status 1/4 Non-significant findings for: siblings (n=3) Filter 4: Decision to admit Child characteristics: Risk behaviour and functioning (criminal/ delinquent behaviour, risk of runaway, inappropriate sexual activities, less suicide risk) 1/1 Older age 1/1 Comorbidity with medical status 1/1 Living in a home setting (vs. living in non-kinship foster care) 1/1 Past psychiatric hospitalization 1/1 Non-significant findings for: gender, ethnicity, number of placement changes, number of crisis episodes (all n=1)