180 Chapter 7 of 0.5 mg twice daily and the COPS trial, which used 0.5 mg twice daily during the first month, then 0.5 mg daily thereafter.25 Risk of bias assessment with the Riskof-Bias 2 tool is summarized in Supplementary material, Table SA2. Table 2: Baseline characteristics of included trials Trial acronym Age Females Diabetes eGFR < 60 ml/ min/ 1.73m2 History of ACS Antiplatelet therapy Statin therapy Beta-blocker therapy LoDoCo2 65·8±8·6 15·3% 18·3% 5·5% 84·4% 90·9% 94·0% 62·1% COPS 59·9±10·3 20·80% 19·0% N/A 100% 98·6% 98·9% 82·6% COLCOT 60·6±10·7 19·2% 20·2% N/A 100% 98·8% 99·0% 88·9% Deftereos 63·3 ±7·0 34·7% 100% 33·2% 31·1% NA NA NA LoDoCo 67±9·4 11·1% 30·3% NA 23·5% 93·4% 95·1% 66·5% ACS=acute coronary syndrome. eGFR=estimated glomerular filtration rate. Baseline characteristics of patients included in our analyses are summarized in Table 2. All 11 816 patients had established coronary disease, 5540 (46.9%) were enrolled within 30 days of acute coronary syndrome, and 6276 (53.1%) were enrolled with chronic coronary disease. Patients had a median age of 63.3 ± 9.6 years and were mostly male (84.0%). Medication at baseline was reported for 11 594 patients. Of these, 10 988 (94.8%) were taking single or dual antiplatelet therapy, 11 176 (96.4%) were taking statins and 8655 (74.7%) were taking betablockers. The majority (87.9%) had a history of acute coronary syndrome prior to randomization. Heart failure was uncommon as this was an exclusion criterion for most trials. The trial by Deftereos et al.23 followed patients for 6 months and the COPS trial for 1year, while the other trials followed patients for a median between 23 and 36 months.13,14,24,25 Permanent discontinuation of trial regimen was reported in 487 (8.2%) colchicine patients vs. 385 (6.8%) placebo patients. Proportions of patients lost to follow-up were low in both the colchicine (0.9%) and the control groups (1.0%). The trial by Deftereos et al. did not report on composite endpoints, myocardial infarction, or stroke.
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