Maartje Boer

CHAPTER 6 188 Table A6.5 RI-CLPMs on Depressive Symptoms Extended With Mediators, Within-Person (Cross-)Lagged Associations by Gender (n boys = 1,203 n girls = 906) M1b SMU problems T2 SMU intensity T2 Depressive symptoms T2 Upward social comparisons T2 β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls SMU problems T1 0.692*** 0.684*** 0.151** 0.222* 0.163* 0.194* 0.206** 0.249** SMU intensity T1 0.069 0.107* 0.354** 0.278 -0.023 0.012 0.046 0.007 Depressive symptoms T1 0.050 0.056 -0.018 0.022 0.194 0.303 0.041 0.104 Upward social comparisons T1 0.039 0.042 0.049 0.002 0.009 0.016 0.001 0.012 SMU problems T3 SMU intensity T3 Depressive symptoms T3 Upward social comparisons T3 β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls SMU problems T2 0.739*** 0.746*** 0.203* 0.302* 0.081 0.084 0.135* 0.179* SMU intensity T2 0.022 0.033 0.403* 0.326 0.002 -0.029 0.036 -0.042 Depressive symptoms T2 0.014 0.020 -0.010 -0.034 0.370*** 0.432*** 0.045 0.024 Upward social comparisons T2 0.013 0.018 0.024 -0.028 0.018 0.038 0.109 0.097 M1c SMU problems T2 SMU intensity T2 Depressive symptoms T2 Cybervictimization T2 β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls SMU problems T1 0.685*** 0.694*** 0.153** 0.227* 0.161* 0.196 0.173** 0.189* SMU intensity T1 0.065 0.108* 0.358** 0.281 -0.033 0.015 0.126 0.094 Depressive symptoms T1 0.048 0.060 -0.019 0.029 0.198 0.310 -0.032 0.103 Cybervictimization T1 0.061 0.008 0.032 -0.022 0.013 0.004 0.177 0.128 SMU problems T3 SMU intensity T3 Depressive symptoms T3 Cybervictimization T3 β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls SMU problems T2 0.739*** 0.748*** 0.189* 0.293* 0.101 0.087 0.171** 0.142 SMU intensity T2 0.022 0.032 0.403* 0.322 0 .007 -0.027 0.061 -0.010 Depressive symptoms T2 0.015 0.022 -0.017 -0.039 0.379*** 0.441*** -0.030 0.015 Cybervictimization T2 0.010 0.010 0.070 0.010 -0.060 0.014 0.103 0.080 M1d SMU problems T2 SMU intensity T2 Depressive symptoms T2 Subjective school achievements T2 β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls SMU problems T1 0.700*** 0.696*** 0.157** 0.218* 0.169* 0.197 -0.018 -0.066 SMU intensity T1 0.071 0.107* 0.362** 0.275 -0.029 0.009 -0.112 -0.036 Depressive symptoms T1 0.054 0.060 -0.014 0.019 0.197 0.300 0.013 -0.035 Subj. school achievements T1 -0.004 0.000 -0.039 -0.050 0.019 -0.051 0.262*** 0.321*** SMU problems T3 SMU intensity T3 Depressive symptoms T3 Subjective school achievements T3 β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls SMU problems T2 0.742*** 0.750*** 0.202* 0.286* 0.086 0.092 -0.054 -0.080 SMU intensity T2 0.023 0.033 0.406* 0.331 0.004 -0.026 -0.057 0.013 Depressive symptoms T2 0.018 0.024 -0.014 -0.039 0.375*** 0.442*** 0.007 -0.060 Subj. school achievements T2 0.012 -0 .007 -0.069 -0.030 0.027 0.003 0.066 0.095 M1e SMU Problems T2 SMU intensity T2 Depressive symptoms T2 Face-to-face contact T2 β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls SMU problems T1 0.700*** 0.696*** 0.161** 0.223* 0.169* 0.198* 0.044 0.025 SMU intensity T1 0.075 0.106* 0.348** 0.263 -0.027 0.025 0.058 0.100 Depressive symptoms T1 0.054 0.060 -0.014 0.024 0.197 0.310 0.006 -0.062 Face-to-face contact T1 -0.014 0.011 0.036 0.079 -0.013 -0.047 0.265* 0.303* SMU problems T3 SMU intensity T3 Depressive symptoms T3 Face-to-face contact T3 β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls β boys β girls SMU problems T2 0.742*** 0.751*** 0.209* 0.289* 0.084 0.093 0.060 0.035 SMU intensity T2 0.022 0.035 0.401* 0.323 0.003 -0.025 0.014 0.007 Depressive symptoms T2 0.017 0.023 -0.008 -0.032 0.373*** 0.439*** -0.023 -0.026 Face-to-face contact T2 0.002 -0.012 0.013 0.046 0.008 -0.023 0.409*** 0.374** Notes. RI-CLPM = random intercept cross-lagged panel model. SMU = social media use; β = STDYX-standardized. Results in table show the average estimates over 20 imputed datasets of plausible values. All models included (residual) correlations between measurements in the same year. Observed differences between boys and girls were all not significant ( p > 0.05). *** p < 0.001; ** p < 0.01; * p < 0.05.