Maartje Boer

THE COMPLEX ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SMU AND WELLBEING 281 8 Table A8.4 (continued) Random Effects Models with Social Comparison as Moderator, Life Satisfaction m7d m8d Level 1 ( n = 5,676) B SE p B SE p Wave -0.147 0.015 <0.001 -0.146 0.016 <0.001 SMU problems -0.101 0.010 <0.001 SNS viewing SNS posting SNS liking SNS responding -0.021 0.012 0.076 -0.011 0.013 0.403 IM viewing IM sending Level 2 ( n = 1,419) B SE p B SE p Female 0.005 0.034 0.883 -0.019 0.034 0.575 Pre-vocational education -0.082 0.042 0.052 -0.036 0.044 0.412 Immigrant background 0.009 0.059 0.879 0.014 0.059 0.810 Social comparison -0.452 0.030 <0.001 -0.362 0.032 <0.001 SMU problems -0.116 0.017 <0.001 SNS viewing SNS posting SNS liking SNS responding 0.023 0.016 0.139 0.040 0.015 0.009 IM viewing IM sending Cross-level interactions B SE p B SE p SNS viewing * social comparison SNS posting * social comparison SNS liking * social comparison SNS responding * social comparison -0.025 0.019 0.185 -0.023 0.018 0.217 IM viewing * social comparison IM sending * social comparison Random parameters B SE p B SE p Residual variance within 0.388 0.012 <0.001 0.374 0.013 <0.001 Residual variance between 0.212 0.014 <0.001 0.203 0.014 <0.001 Residual variance slope 0.006 0.002 0.012 0.006 0.002 0.008 Covariance slope-intercept 0.007 0.005 0.224 0.004 0.005 0.434 Fit statistics Est. Est. Est. Est. Est. Est. Free parameters 13 15 Deviance/AIC/BIC 12514.7 12540.7 12627.0 12299.8 12329.8 12429.5 Notes . SNS = social network sites; IM = instant messengers; SMU = social media use; Level 1 = yearly measurements; Level 2 = adolescents; B = unstandardized coefficient; SE = standard error, p = p- value; Est. = estimate; Deviance = -2*loglikelihood; AIC = Akaike Information Criterion; BIC = Bayesian Information Criterion.