Maartje Boer

CROSS-NATIONAL VALIDATION OF THE SMD-SCALE 79 3 Table A3.1 The Social Media Disorder-Scale We are interested in your experiences with social media. The term social media refers to social network sites (e.g., Facebook, [add other local examples]) and instant messengers (e.g., [insert local examples], WhatsApp, Snapchat, Facebook messenger). During the past year, have you… Please tick one circle for each line. No Yes …regularly found that you can’t think of anything else but the moment that you will be able to use social media again? O O …regularly felt dissatisfied because you wanted to spend more time on social media? O O …often felt bad when you could not use social media? O O …tried to spend less time on social media, but failed? O O …regularly neglected other activities (e.g., hobbies, sport) because you wanted to use social media? O O …regularly had arguments with others because of your social media use? O O …regularly lied to your parents or friends about the amount of time you spend on social media? O O …often used social media to escape from negative feelings? O O …had serious conflict with your parents, brother(s) or sister(s) because of your social media use? O O Scoring instructions for assessor: From top to bottom, the nine items represent the following criteria: preoccupation, tolerance, withdrawal, persistence, displacement, problem, deception, escape, and conflict (Van den Eijnden et al., 2016). Respondents with six to nine yes -responses may be coded as ‘problematic user’, and respondents with zero to five yes -responses as ‘non-problematic user’ (Boer, Stevens, Finkenauer, Koning, et al., 2021).