RESULTS Participating centres and reviewed cases Thirty‐seven hospitals expressed their interest in participating. Ultimately, 24 hospitals, from 11 European Union countries, submitted cases, collected during at least 7 months in the period April 2017 to February 2018 (Table 1). In total, 291 cases were reviewed, with a median age of 71 years (range: 21‐97), and 55% (160/291) male, equating to a median of 7.5 cases (range 1‐70) per hospital. Overall, 79% (230/291) of the patients were ICU patients and 69% (200/291) were ICU‐acquired. Among all patients 113 (39%) had pneumonia with 90% (102/113) ICU‐acquired, 87 (30%) had BSI with 93% (81/87) ICU‐ Box: Description of the three mortality review outcome measures The three mortality review measures 1. 3CAT: a three categories scale, with the following categories: Did not contribute Possibly contributed Definitely contributed For the categories ‘Possibly contributed’ and ‘Definitely contributed’, the contribution was additionally assessed as major or minor. 2. QUANT: a quantitative score ranging from 0 to 10, with: 0 = the HAI did not contribute at all to the death of the patient, death during the current hospitalization would have occurred without the HAI to 10 = the HAI definitely caused the death of the patient, death during the current hospitalization would not have occurred without the HAI 3. WHOCAT: a scale based on the WHO death certification methodology, with four categories: No contribution: HAI did not contribute to the death or the contribution was redundant, i.e. the patient would have died anyway Contributory cause: HAI was a contributory cause but not related to the disease or condition causing the death Part of the causal sequence: HAI was part of the causal sequence of events that led to death but not sufficient on its own Sole cause: HAI was the sole cause of death – no other disease or condition causing the death was present (sufficient condition) “Unknown or not verified: Contribution of HAI to death of the patient unknown or not verified” was added to all three outcomes. 6 111 Mortality review reproducibility study
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