HH intervention only CVC intervention only Both interventions Baseline Intervention Baseline Intervention Baseline Intervention N % N % p‐value N % N % p‐value N % N % p‐value Type of CVC CVC Swan‐Ganz 2863 35 98.8 1.2 5194 79 98.5 1.5 0.28 7390 274 96.4 3.6 11508 553 95.4 4.6 <0.0001 2534 135 94.9 5.1 4930 336 93.6 6.4 0.02 Lumen Multi Single 2453 445 84.6 15.4 4974 299 94.3 5.7 <0.0001 7530 134 98.3 1.7 11837 224 98.1 1.9 0.86 2553 116 95.7 4.3 4939 327 93.8 6.2 0.003 Use of CVC Antibioticsc Blood products Dialysis TPNd Other indicationse 1738 342 675 629 325 71.6 11.8 23.3 21.7 74.2 3715 716 1142 1211 3666 79.3 13.6 21.7 23.0 75.0 0.32 0.02 0.09 0.19 0.71 6464 1687 341 1183 7000 84.3 22.0 4.4 15.4 91.3 9861 1704 706 2285 11228 81.8 14.1 5.9 18.9 93.1 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 2065 279 264 413 2403 77.4 10.5 9.9 21.9 90.0 4177 495 509 616 4754 79.3 9.4 9.7 13.6 90.3 0.045 0.14 0.75 <0.0001 0.73 CVC dwell‐timef 1‐4 days 5‐9 10‐19 ≥ 20 967 1152 665 114 33.4 39.8 22.9 3.9 1664 2330 1145 134 31.6 44.2 21.7 2.5 <0.0001 3662 2245 1345 412 47.8 29.3 17.5 5.4 5791 3548 2032 690 48.0 29.4 16.8 5.7 0.49 1001 823 708 137 37.5 30.8 26.5 5.1 2471 1380 1078 337 46.9 26.2 20.5 6.4 <0.0001 a according to the SAPS II criteria: medical: no surgery within 1 week of admission to ICU; scheduled surgical: surgery was scheduled at least 24 hours in advance +/‐ 7 days intensive care unit admission; unscheduled surgical: patients added to the operating room schedule within 24 hours of the operation. b including subsequent ICU stays (max. 3) until insertion c data of first two months of one hospital excluded because of invalid or missing data d one hospital excluded because of invalid or missing data e data of first year of three hospitals and of first four months of another hospital excluded because of different interpretation f Number of CVC days per category acc. to McLaws(1)
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