Table 1: Patient and ventilation characteristics and hazard ratios, including 95% confidence intervals and adjusted for hospital, of time‐independent covariates. Patients Perc. of patients Ventilator days Perc. of ventilator days Number of VAPs Perc. patients with VAP Incidence density per 1000 ventilator days HR (95% CI) p‐value Total 940 7872 81 8.6% 10.3 Sex Man 557 59.3 4691 59.6 56 10.1 11.9 Ref Woman 382 40.6 3175 40.3 25 6.5 7.9 0.64 (0.40 – 1.02) 0.06 Missing 1 0.1 6 0.1 0 0.0 0.0 Age 16 – 40 66 7.0 409 5.2 13 19.7 31.8 3.79 (1.72 – 8.38) 0.001 41 – 60 207 22.0 1614 20.5 12 5.8 7.4 Ref 61 – 80 529 56.3 4675 59.4 45 8.5 9.6 1.38 (0.72 – 2.61) 0.33 > 80 138 14.7 1174 14.9 11 8.0 9.4 1.60 (0.68 – 3.74) 0.28 Apache II score ≤ 10 143 15.2 1248 15.9 10 7.0 8.0 Ref 11‐20 339 36.1 2850 36.2 26 7.7 9.1 0.61 (0.26 – 1.41) 0.25 21‐30 330 35.1 2790 35.4 34 10.3 12.2 0.82 (0.36 – 1.87) 0.63 > 30 128 13.6 984 12.5 11 8.6 11.2 0.95 (0.36 – 2.51) 0.92 Specialty Abdominal surgery 359 38.2 3443 43.7 34 9.5 9.9 Ref Cardiology 92 9.8 515 6.5 5 5.4 9.7 1.30 (0.50 – 3.38) 0.60 Cardiothoracic surgery 37 3.9 226 2.9 0 0.0 0.0 ‐ Internal medicine 150 16.0 1418 18.0 7 4.7 4.9 0.60 (0.28 – 1.31) 0.20 Neurology 56 6.0 369 4.7 5 8.9 13.6 1.33 (0.51 – 3.44) 0.56 Neurosurgery 53 5.6 323 4.1 10 18.9 31.0 1.66 (0.76 – 3.65) 0.20 Other surgery 93 9.9 790 10.0 10 10.8 12.7 1.10 (0.53 – 2.28) 0.80 Pulmonology 47 5.0 314 4.0 1 2.1 3.2 0.31 (0.04 – 2.26) 0.25 Traumatology 30 3.2 316 4.0 8 26.7 25.3 1.92 (0.81 – 4.53) 0.14 Other specialties 21 2.2 147 1.9 1 4.8 6.8 0.56 (0.08 – 4.12) 0.57 Missing 2 0.2 11 0.1 0 0.0 0.0 ‐ 4 69 Risk factors for VAP using flexible methods
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