Current exposure‐risk model (current effect of the current value of the time‐dependent variable) 1‐day delay exposure‐risk model (current effect of the current value of the time‐dependent variable) 2‐day delay exposure‐risk model (current effect of the current value of the time‐dependent variable) WCE exposure‐risk model (current effect of the current and past values of the time‐dependent variable for the best‐fitting model) Exposure ‐risk model selected for final model LOCF venti‐ lator days (%) 1 HR 95% CI p‐value AIC HR 95% CI p‐value AIC HR 95% CI p‐ value AIC Relevant exposure window & number of knots2 HR & 95% CI p‐ value 3 AIC Inhalation therapy 989 989 987 28 days Fig 3F 0.048 975 WCE None 2695 (34.3) Ref Ref Ref 3 knots for both (comb ined) Nebulizer 1506 (19.1) 0.41 (0.09, 1.98) 0.269 0.69 (0.18, 2.63) 0.590 1.44 (0.48, 4.27) 0.513 Metered dose inhaler 3671 (46.6) 0.94 (0.55, 1.61) 0.833 0.74 (0.43, 1.23) 0.288 0.62 (0.35, 1.11) 0.107 Systemic AB (not ivSDD) 985 986 983 5 days Fig 3C 0 961 WCE Yes 5227 (66.4) 1.71 (0.99, 2.98) 0.056 0.67 (0.42, 1.07) 0.093 0.56 (0.36, 0.89) 0.015 1 knot No 2645 (33.6) Ref Ref Ref ivSDD 988 987 986 28 days Fig 3B 0.003 973 WCE Yes 1160 (14.7) 0.65 (0.22, 1.92) 0.44 0.51 (0.18, 1.51) 0.23 0.43 (0.15, 1.26) 0.13 1 knot No 6712 (85.3) Ref Ref Ref 4 83 Risk factors for VAP using flexible methods
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