100 Chapter 3 Appendix 3b. Comparison of the pre-intervention and post-intervention vesicourethral anastomosis simulation exercise scores for the proctor guided group Variable Proctor guided group Number of participants of which data was available Pre-intervention score, Median (IQR) Post-intervention score, Median (IQR) Difference in score, Median (IQR) Z-value$ / T-value* p-value Total time (seconds) Number of movements - left instrument (n) 21 1709.4 (275.0) 1733.7 (365.6) -24.9 (503.4) -0.747 .455 Number of movements - right instrument (n) 21 1025.0 (482.3) 1023.0 (496.0) 27.5 (426) -0.017 .986 Path length - left instrument (mm) 21 1053.0 (549.5) 1197.0 (329.5) -42.0 (537) -0.087 .931 Path length - right instrument (mm) 21 10905.3 (8368.0) 11135.9 (4832.4) -290.8 (4684.8) -0.122 .903 Distance by camera (mm) 21 11578.4 (8574.2) 11659.2 (5145.8) 1599.9 (5979.8) -0.017 .986 Instrument collisions (n) 21 1003.4 (1053.3) 860.3 (1417.9) -14.7 (1622.5) -0.608 .543 Total path of instruments traveled out of view (mm) 21 72.0 (52.8) 58.0 (40.0) 16.0 (63) -1.304 .192 Number of times instruments are out of view (n) 21 1342.9 (3668.5) 1987.1 (1767.8) 113.0 (1995.6) -0.052 0.958
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