Alexander Beulens

122 Chapter 4 Of the residents who responded to the questionnaire almost 60% were in their 4th year or higher. Most of the residents (80.4%) were interested to perform RAS after graduation. More than 80% of the residents who are interested in RAS and urologists who were performing RAS had a surgical robot in their hospital. Almost 90% of the urologist who are currently performing RAS were allowed to perform RAS during their residency, 70% were allowed to perform RAS before their 5th year of residency. Of the residents who responded to be interested in RAS less than 40% were involved in RAS during their residency program. Of the residents who were allowed to participate in RAS 76% did this before their 5th year. Although most of the residents (88.2%) and young urologists (95%) were asked to follow a basic training or meet basic requirements before starting robot-assisted surgery, the requirements set by the educators were different from center to center. Some of them were required to attend only an online course on RAS, whereas others were asked to achieve threshold scores at VR simulator and participate in a standardized course at a training institute. Most of the residents (66,7%) and nearly half of the young urologists (47,4%) agreed that RAS training should be included as a standard part within the residency program. The former claimed it should be included within the 3rd year of the residency program (70%) and it should be made available for all residents (80%), while the latter sustained that it should be implemented in the 4th (44.4%) or 5th year (33.3%) of the residency program and 55.6% of the urologists agree the training should be available for all residents. The advanced course in Robot Assisted Surgery A total of 29 participants were selected for the course (6 in 2018, 8 in 2019, and 15 in 2020). The baseline characteristics of all participants are shown in table 2. The 72.4% of the residents selected for the course were male (21 participants) and 55.2% were Dutch (16 participants). In the Netherlands 61% of the applicants (16/26 applications) were selected for the course. More than 90% of the participants were residents at the time of the course, 2 participants just ended their residency program and Table 2 Baseline Characteristics, Laparoscopic experience and robot assisted surgery experience for the residents who were selected for the course with specifications per year of the course. 2018 (n=6) 2019 (n=8) 2020 (n=15) Overall (n=29) Age, median (IQR) 34 (33-34) 32 (30 - 32) 31 (30 – 32) 32 (30 – 33) Sex, n (%) Male 5 (83.3) 5 (62.5) 11 (73.3) 21 (72.4) Female 1 (16.7) 3 (37.5) 4 (26.7) 8 (27.6)

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